Electric motor.



PATENTED' DEC. 4 1906.

-D. MENDBLSON- I ELEUTRIU MOTOR. APPLIOATIONIILED MAR.24, 190s.

lNVE/VTOR DAVID MENDELSON ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. i DAVID MENDELSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

ELECTRICNIQTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 4, 1906.

Application filed March 24, 1906- 'Serial No. 307,941.-

To all whom it may concern.-

' Be it known that I, DAVID MENDELSON, a

citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of,

-%'rooklyn, in the county 'of Kings and State New York, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Motors, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention is 1n the nature ofan electric motor of the vibrating type, designed chiefly to be used in small installations for advertising purposes, but applicable also to other uses; and it consists in the novel construction and arrangement of the inotor parts,fw1th special reference to securing a large effective power and freedom from polarization and residual magnetism, as hereinafter fully described with reference to the drawings, in

which Figure l is a pers ective view from oneside, showing one app ication of the same for ringing a bell. Fig. 2 is a similar view from the opposite side, showing another applicathe same for advertising purposes.

tion 0 r Fig. 3 is a vertical central section through the same, and Figs. 4 and 5 are details showing modifications.

In the drawings, A represents any suitable base-stand, on which is mounted two parallel brass' standards, B B, between which 1s hung to vibrate an electromagnet C. The axial centerof vibration is located near the upper end of the electromagnet and consists of pivots or trunnions a a which connect the brass supporting frame B of the electromagnet with supporting-frame b of the electrom'agnet with the upper ends of the parallel standards B B,

' electromagnet.

The electromagnet has at its lower end three poles. The center pole is formed by -the lower end 1 of the iron core ,of the magnet and the two side poles 2 and 3 flanking the same, one being on each side of the'c'enter pole and bothbeing of the same polarity with each other, but opposite polarity to that of the lower, end of the core 1. This result is obtained by making the two poles 2 and 3 on the lower ends-of aninverted-U-shaped iron bar E, which embraces the electromagnet and has its upper or middle portion directly at, tached to and in magnetic connection with the upper end of the core of the electromagnet. s the upper end of thec'ore is of opposite olarity from the lower end, the polarity of t e upper end will manifest itself in the two 1pendent sides branches or legs of the iron lower end of the core be positive then the adjacent ends 2 and 3 of the bar E will be nega;

tive, and the attractive influence of the arma ture on the three poles of the electromagnet will-be increased and extended through a long range or amplitude of stroke of the electromagnet, that gives it a much greater movement and available power.

I will now describe how the electric current is introduced into the motor and the circuit broken to secure the return motion.

On one side of the motor (see Fig. 1) the trunnion a is rigidly'attached to the vibrating frame-plate b of the electromagnet and passes through the standard B and has rigidly attached to it a non-conducting hub c, bearing on its periphery a metal band (i. This band by an insulated metal arm d connects with one terminal d of the helix of the electromagnet. The other terminal e of this helix 1s in electrical connection with the frame-plate b, standard 3, and a swinging metal switch-arm e, pivoted ona stationary axis to the standard and having above its pivot two tappet-prongs e e. Between these prongs e e plays a pin f, carried by the vibrating electromagnet-frame, and which pin f by alternately striking the prongs e and e throws the switch-arm e from one side to the other into contact alternately with the 5 stationary circuit-terminals g and h. One of these terminal plates 9 is connected by an insulated wire g to an insulated binding-post G, and the other terminal plate h is through an insulated wire h connected to an insu- Ioo and mechanically connected to the metal face of the non-conducting hub c, which oscillates with the electromagnet. This spring forms a-conductor to one terminal of the electromagnet, and it also acts mechanically, like an escapemexit-spring, to start back the electo the extreme lower end, so that if the 65 tromsgnet after it has swung to the ondfcf its. stroke and also holds the circuit closed wlieir the motor is it rest, as hereinafter described. I The operation of my motor is as follows The binding-posts G H l are connected to the batteries X K, as seen in 1, the positive pole of the hotter X being connected to the binding-post G, the negative poleof battery X to H, and bindingost being connected to the negative pole of cattery X and also the positive pole of battery 1. Now if the electroinsgnet be thrown over so that the switch-arm e is in contact witlrcircuitterminal plate 5, as in dotted lines, Fig. 2, a circuit from battery X will flow through the electrornsgnet over the following path: from positive pole 0'? battery X to liindingpost G, Wire 37, late 9 switch-arm e, the metal frame I) of t 1e electromagnct, the helixtermii'ial 8 the helix, the other hclix tcrmined d arm (2, the coil-sj3ring "L, to bindingpost l, and thenegetive side of the hotter X. The magnet will therefore be energized, and the attraction which it exerts on its stutionery armature will throw the magnet over on its pivots. As it passes over, the pin f, striking one of the prongs e, shifts the switch-arm e out of contact with plate g and into contact with plate 71', as shown in Fig. 15. The first-named circuit will he orolren, and e circuit of opposite polarity will be established through the helir. from the other hottery X over the follordng' psith: from the negative side of the battery X to bindingpost ll, wire it, contsct-plete 7i, itch-erro c, the frame 7) the magnet, helix-terminsl 1 the helix, the other l'wlfiklicfilliilfll d crn d, coil-spring 'i, hindin post l, and the positwo side or battery 1h. The magnet Will therefore he egoin i id will he thrown lie-ck rigein over its srn: vure and in doing so will. egg-sin bring switch-mm e into contact with circuit-terininsl plate to again restore the first-named clr uit for 2.- continuance-of the vibration.

it will he perceivml that he helix-terminal (1, which coni'lccts with. hinding post l, is ulternately positive and negative, which causes the current chergii'ig tho electromognct tohe alternately reversed. This prevents; pole/rizstion and rcsidruil magnetism. and cruises the magnet/to instantly let go its hold when: the circuit l) rokcn.

in rushing: use of my motor it is specially well adopted for a vibrating motion taken directly from the swing ol the clcctronmgiwt, as it is of s specially long and strong pull. in Fig. 2 I show extended. shove the ironic of the electrolncgnct mid rigidly attached. to it a dummy representation of o hungl. K, which when so mounted is mode to move with a continual li ecl-1oning5 motion to invite en- 'runcs to 11v Slni l'fl or (will nllmition to some special object, or this lmnd may he (,onccclnd behind a mesh and he suddenly extruded into of vision to point to in advertise ment. In Fig. 1 l'show in the place of the hend c hell-hammer L for ringing :1 bell "with a strong and rhythmic stroke. hummer should have in its shank e flexible spring-joint, as shown at Z, to pcrrnit. re

hound. This flexible joint also serves by the recoil to start bsclrthe clectromsgnct, end the extended srni L serves to balance the electroincgnet.

if it he desired to here pitrnen or connectingrod r a inte to oscillating frame and is made 11: opera ding pcwlon s ratchet-Wheel, as seen in Fi 5, or this red may be connected to the crank of a continuously-rotating shaft.

When the circuit from either battery is made through the electromagnet, it is not immediately broken when the magnet starts hock, but the circuit is kept closed until the magnet has progressed across the armature and. inside its strongest pull. This is secured by having the switch-min e to be caught and held' oy a frictional contact on the ends or": the plates 9 and 7L and by causing the pin f to strike the prongs e e to shift tlieswiteh-erm 6 only after the clcctroniagnct has moved over the armature, which gives it much stronger motive ellect. v

Instead of having the teppht-pin on the electromagnet and the prongs e e on the switch-arm it is obvious that the positions of these parts may be reversed.

By means of the coil-spring i I at douolc result of causing it to act 1i condimtor for the electric circnits end also-cf rctulrnin the electrornsgnet from the forward tin-ow. By reason of this spring one of the lmttcrics end. the circuit be dispensei'l with, as one battery only may he incde to give the forcible null, end the return stroke may be e'll'cctcd. by the coil-spring. This permits of the variation ol the speed and power of the motor to suit its special applications. This spring" also serves to hold the sWitcli-srm. c in contact with one of the plates g 71 when the motor is at rest, With the contacts in position for a closed circuit through the magnet, so that the motor is self-starting Whenever the innin starting switch 8 throws on the cur rent from the battery.

invention in 37 he used for hells, dummy hands, clocks, and for many other useful. purposes "for advertising; or for instruc'rion or practical use. Among its edvsnto zes '1 would especially point out its simple constmction, its chmipness, its long pull and breed motion, the obscure ol? polziru mtion and absence of residual nmgrnclzism in both the magnet end the m'mulure, end the fact that the motor is sling. For this selhstsrting action l have shown the coilspring, i, e preferred niesnstor holding the switch-uric e onto the cool:ic -nlste but l. do not confine Ill' T-i lf to ilao some, as the Such bell IOU Ill)

' tween them at't electromagnet may be normally held when at rest in this position by a pendulum, as shown in Fig. f or by other means.

of the standards and constructed 'at its lower end with a center pole and two flanking poles, one on each side and extending from the opposite end-of the magnet-core and of the same polarity therewith and a circuitclosing swltch.

3. An electric motor, comprising a basestand with two 11 right standards having be tween them at t ebottom a stationary armature, an electromagnet pivoted between the standards at the upper end, two separate circuits and two circuit-closing devices operated by the swing of the 'ele'ctromagnet and arranged to throw analternately-reversed current through the electromagnet.

:4. An electric motor,.comprising a basestand with two upright standards having between them at t e bottom a stationary armature, an electromagnet pivotedbetween the standards at the upper end, two separate circuits, three binding-posts, one of'which is in common to both circuits, and a separate circuit-breaker 'for each circuit, one being closed by the swing of the magnet in .one direction and the other being closed by the swing of the magnet in the other direction and vice versa; 5. -.Ai1 electric motor, comprising a statlonary supportmg-fra goe, a vibrating electromagnet hung in said frame and bearing a tappet projection, a pivoted switcharm acted upon by said tappet projection, and a friction contact-plate arranged to seize and hold the switch-arm to hold the circuit close during a part of the stroke. i

6. An electric motor, comprising a stationary supporting-frame, a vibrating electromagnet hung in said frame and bearing a tappet projection, a switch-arm pivoted on astationary axis and having a two-pronged end inclosing the tappet projection, two friction contact-plates for separate circuits arranged to seize and hold the switch-arm until released by the tappet and two reversely-arranged circuits having their 0 posite poles connected to the two contact-plhtes.

7. An electric motor, comprising a basestand with two upright standards having between. them at the bottom a stationary armature, an 'electromagnet pivoted between the standards near the upper. end of the electromagnet, a circuit-closing device operated by the swing of the electromagnet and a weighted spring-arm attached to the electro magnet and extending above the same to balcoil of the arm. I '8. An electric motor comprising 'a -fixed armature of soft iron, a three-pole electromagnet vibrating across the armature and an automatic circuit-closing switch.

- 9. An electric motor comprising a fixed armature, an oscillating electromagnet, a circuit-closing switch operated by the oscillations of the electromagnet, and means for holding the circuit-closing switch closed o "ance the magnet and start it back by the rewhen the'motoris atrest to enable it to be self-starting I DAVID MENDELSON.

Witnesses Enw. W. BYRN, SQLON C. Kin/ION. 

